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Biosphere: The regions of the surface, atmosphere and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms. Hydrosphere: All the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds. Geosphere: The geosphere refers to the solid part of Earth, encompassing the rocks, minerals, towering landforms like mountains, to grains of sand. It also includes the oceanic crust, the Earth’s molten rock interior, fossilized remains, and skeletons of once-living organisms. Atmosphere - the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet: |
This library Guide has been developed to present the four sciences which study various aspects of the earth system: Astronomy, Geology, Meteorology and Oceanography.